Post

Configuring Debian 8 (Jessie) VPS

11 Jul 2016Harianto van Insulinde

Got VPS from transip.nl for some time now and had reinstalled couple of times trying to achieve idealistic server.

Used previous version and got stumbled upon many problems, and I was used to Ubuntu out-of-the-box-make-my-life-easy scripts.

This about what I did; a reminder when I have to start over again.

bash

sudo aptitude update && sudo aptitude full-upgrade

Taskel

Use Tasksel to install SSH

bash

tasksel

Passwordless SSH logins

https://www.cs.utah.edu/~bigler/code/sshkeys.html

Fix System Language

bash

# Verify which locales are installed and generated in your system
locale -a

# edit locale
nano /etc/default/locale 

# OR
# set to: en_GB.UTF-8
# LANGUAGE: en:nl:en
dpkg-reconfigure locales

# reboot to take effect
reboot

Enable terminal colors

for root edit: ~/.bashrc

bash

export LS_OPTIONS='--color=auto'
eval "`dircolors`"
alias ls='ls $LS_OPTIONS'

On tab colored list

edit/create: ~/.inputrc
or permanent on: /etc/inputrc

bash

set colored-stats on

Create custom command

cls enhanced ls command with file permissions as numbers

bash

nano /usr/local/bin/cls
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/cls

file: /usr/local/bin/cls

bash

#! /bin/sh
ls --color -l $1 | awk '{k=0;for(i=0;i<=8;i++)k+=((substr($1,i+2,1)~/[rwx]/)*2^(8-i));if(k)printf("%0o ",k);print}'

Install SUDO

bash

apt-get install sudo
adduser admin sudo
nano /etc/sudoers

file: /etc/sudoers

bash

%sudo  ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
admin  ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

Look source

Uncomplicated Firewall

bash

apt-get install ufw -y
ufw allow ssh
ufw allow dns
ufw allow http
ufw allow https
ufw allow mail

ufw enable
ufw status verbose

reboot

Install NGINX

bash

apt-get install nginx

Install PHP for Debian 8 (Jessie)

PHP 7.0.0 can be installed using the Dotdeb repository.

Add these two lines to your /etc/apt/sources.list file:

bash

deb http://packages.dotdeb.org jessie all
deb-src http://packages.dotdeb.org jessie all

Add the GPG key:

bash

wget https://www.dotdeb.org/dotdeb.gpg
sudo apt-key add dotdeb.gpg

Install PHP 7:

bash

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install php7.0

Create custom directory structure for nginx configurations and vhosts

bash

cd /var/www
mkdir -p config/nginx/{available,enabled,conf.d,ssl}
echo "include /var/www/config/nginx/enabled/default;" > /var/www/config/nginx/nginx.conf
echo "include /var/www/config/nginx/enabled/*.conf;" >> /var/www/config/nginx/nginx.conf
mkdir -p config/multi-node
mkdir -p vhosts/_default_/httpdocs
mkdir -p vhosts/sylo.space/httpdocs
mkdir -p vhosts/mizu.work/httpdocs
mkdir -p vhosts/mdstn.com/httpdocs

Check out default page and move to proper location

bash

cat /etc/nginx/sites-available/default | grep root

file: /var/www/config/nginx/snippets/php7.0-fpm.conf

nginx

location ~ \.php(/|$) {
    try_files      $uri = 404;
    
    fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock;
    fastcgi_index  index.php;
    fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.*)$;

    include fastcgi_params;

    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    fastcgi_param HTTPS off;

    fastcgi_buffers 16 16k;
    fastcgi_buffer_size 32k;
}